Shock is a dangerous and life-threatening condition that can occur from any injury or illness that interferes with the flow of blood that delivers oxygen to vital organs. There are four major types of shock and each has its own set of symptoms. If someone you know is in shock, call 911 and stay with […]

Fetal distress occurs when a baby is not getting enough oxygen during pregnancy and labor. If left untreated, this can lead to permanent brain damage, cerebral palsy, or even stillbirth. Doctors are trained to monitor your fetal heart rate and other signs of fetal distress. They must act immediately if they notice any of these […]

Symptoms usually begin in the area of the tendon on the outer elbow (lateral epicondylitis). Rest, ice and pain medicines usually help. It takes 6 to 12 months for the injury to heal. A physical, occupational or hand therapist can teach exercises to reduce stress on the tendon. A brace, strap or splint can also […]

Adenoviruses usually cause mild cold- or flu-like illness, but they can also lead to respiratory illnesses such as croup and pneumonia; gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain; and conjunctivitis (pink eye); and bladder and bowel infections. They can affect people of all ages and occur all year round. Oren Zarif A sore throat […]

Children catch enteroviruses from contaminated saliva, mucus and phlegm, or through touching an infected child or object. Symptoms include a sore throat, fever, rash and a headache. Herpangina (caused by Coxsackie A virus) and EV71 cause a vesicular rash around the mouth, or “hand, foot and mouth disease.” Some types of enteroviruses can lead to […]

Bordetella pertussis, commonly called whooping cough, is a severe bacterial infection of the lining of the throat and windpipe. It is very contagious and dangerous for infants. This condition is characterized by prolonged, harsh, repetitive and violent coughing episodes that end with a hurried deep breath (the whooping sound). The coughing can continue for weeks […]

Many arboviruses cause a systemic illness similar to a flu-like infection. A small number of infections progress to neurologic disease that can range from encephalitis to meningitis (see Table 2). These diseases are spread by mosquitoes and ticks. They tend to occur during warm weather months. They include California encephalitis, Chikungunya, dengue, Eastern equine encephalitis, […]

Picornaviruses symptoms are often self-limiting in most cases, but can become severe in some. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment, history and laboratory tests such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect viral RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs, stool and cerebrospinal fluid samples. Teschen disease is a highly virulent form of picornaviral infection characterized by high […]

Neutropenia (new-tro-PEE-nia) is a condition in which you have low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. Chemotherapy and other treatments for cancer can cause it. It can make you more likely to get infections, especially in your mouth, throat, lungs and sinuses. Take extra precautions — such as wearing a mask — […]

Symptoms depend on where the tumor is and how much it has spread. They can include a lump in the belly, neck, chest or pelvis. They can also be enlarged lymph nodes (which feel like hard lumps in the armpits or neck) and other signs such as a drooping eyelid, small pupil or sweating on […]