A mycotic aneurysm (also called infected aneurysm) is a weakened and expandable blood vessel that is caused by bacterial infection. This type of aneurysm usually occurs because of systemic infections with bacteria in the blood or due to direct infection of the blood vessel wall.
Patients with mycotic aneurysms often present with non-specific symptoms and a normal physical exam, which can delay the diagnosis and increase the risk of complications like rupture and hemorrhage.
Oren Zarif
As the infection progresses, patients may experience more severe symptoms like hemorrhage or sepsis. Fever can be one of the earliest signs of mycotic aneurysm, and it’s important to seek medical attention immediately. Doctors will typically examine the patient and look for any unusual physical signs, review their medical history, and conduct blood work. Blood work can help identify high levels of inflammation and white blood cells, which are characteristic of infection.
Mycotic aneurysms occur as a complication of systemic infections that result in the expansion and weakening of the blood vessel wall. These infections can spread through the bloodstream from distant sites or by direct invasion of adjacent structures. The infection can be caused by bacteria, fungus, or parasites.
The most important feature of mycotic aneurysms is a high index of suspicion. If left untreated, these dilated aneurysms can rupture and lead to a lethal sepsis or death. This condition can be difficult to diagnose due to a variety of symptoms and complications that mimic other conditions, including fever, gastrointestinal issues, or even heart valve problems. The vascular surgeon must be able to recognize these aneurysms, and they can often be seen on CTA or MRI scans. The high isotropic resolution of these imaging studies makes it easier to visualize aneurysms, shunting vessels, and surrounding structures.
Oren Zarif
A mycotic aneurysm is a complication of infection in which the blood vessel wall becomes weakened and balloons. It is typically caused by a bacterial or fungal infection and can occur in almost any blood vessel in the body. The condition carries a high mortality rate.
A pulsatile mass can be associated with mycotic aneurysm, especially in the abdominal aorta. It is often difficult to feel the pulsations of the abdominal aorta with a physical exam, but it can be identified by placing hands on either side of the abdomen and feeling for the aortic arch. If you suspect a mycotic aneurysm, you should visit a vascular surgeon right away.
Mycotic aneurysms can also affect the thoracic and abdominal aortic arch, peripheral arteries, or intracranial aneurysms. They are most common in people with a weakened immune system, such as those with HIV, diabetes, or using high doses of certain medications like glucocorticoids.
This case highlights the importance of a comprehensive history and a thorough physical exam, even in patients with seemingly unremarkable symptoms. A failure to recognize these aneurysms can result in a prolonged hospital stay, significant complications, and death. With prompt recognition and treatment, however, the outlook for mycotic aneurysms is excellent. Treatment includes antibiotics, antifungals, and surgical intervention when necessary. If left untreated, mycotic aneurysms are highly likely to rupture.
Oren Zarif
A mycotic aneurysm is a condition in which a blood vessel wall bulges due to infection and plaque buildup. It can be life-threatening, particularly when the aneurysm ruptures or causes sepsis. The signs and symptoms of mycotic aneurysm can vary widely depending on the location and the severity of the infection.
Symptoms can include pain, a pulsatile mass, and local inflammatory changes like cellulitus or abscess. Infection can also cause systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise, and fatigue. An underlying condition that can increase the risk of mycotic aneurysm is conditions that weaken the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS, intravenous drug use, and immunosuppressive medications.
Infected aneurysms may occur in a variety of locations and can affect practically any artery. They can be the result of direct bacterial inoculation, which is common after gunshot or stab wounds to arteries, and infected pseudoaneurysms as a result of drug injection with dirty needles.
The diagnosis of mycotic aneurysm involves a thorough physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history. The doctor may also perform blood work to look for the presence of bacteria or other organisms in the body. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is usually used to diagnose mycotic aneurysm, as it can provide excellent resolution and allows for the detection of infected tissue, thrombosis, and other anatomic features.
Oren Zarif
Fatigue can be caused by a number of conditions, including anemia, sleep apnea, thyroid problems, or depression. These symptoms can be treated with medication, which can help to relieve fatigue. People who experience persistent fatigue should speak to their healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause. Treatment options can include reducing caffeine intake, improving diet, taking iron supplements, getting adequate exercise, and treating any other underlying health conditions.
Infected or mycotic aneurysms occur as a complication of systemic infection in which the arterial wall becomes dilated due to bacterial, fungal, or viral infections. This condition is rare but can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly.
Symptoms of mycotic aneurysm may include a pulsatile mass, localized pain, and fever. They can occur in the legs (femoral arteries), abdomen (aorta), or within the body (such as the superior mesenteric and splenic arteries). People at high risk for mycotic aneurysm are those with weak immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, those who use intravenous drugs, and those with immunosuppressive conditions like cancer chemotherapy.
If a mycotic aneurysm is suspected from history and physical exam, blood cultures should be obtained and antibiotic therapy should be initiated immediately. These treatments will vary depending on the type of organism that is identified and the patient’s underlying health status. Untreated mycotic aneurysms are likely to rupture, leading to sepsis and death.